Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition that affects the large intestine. It causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.

The symptoms of IBS can vary from person to person, but they may include:

• Abdominal pain: The pain is usually in the lower abdomen and can be cramping, sharp, or dull.
• Bloating: The abdomen feels full and distended.
• Gas: The person passes gas more often than usual.
• Diarrhea: The person has loose, watery stools.
• Constipation: The person has hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass.
• Other symptoms: Other symptoms of IBS may include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and changes in appetite.

The exact cause of IBS is not fully understood, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including:

• Genetics: IBS is more common in people with a family history of the condition.
• Gut bacteria: Changes in the gut bacteria may play a role in IBS.
• Stress: Stress can trigger IBS symptoms.
• Food intolerances: Some people with IBS may be intolerant to certain foods, such as gluten or lactose.